Understanding Gene Action, Combining Ability, and Heterosis to Identify Superior Aromatic Rice Hybrids Using Artificial Neural Network

The aromatic rice represents a smaller but independent rice collection, the quality of which is considered to be highly acceptable. Farmers are interested in growing aromatic rice due to high premium market price. The prime objective of this study was to enhance genetic improvement of aromatic rice. Combining ability analysis (GCA and SCA) and gene action are studied in a set of 7 × 7 half-diallel crosses. Twenty-one hybrids along with their seven parents were assessed in randomized complete block design. Different quantitative characters were used to estimate the magnitude of heterosis. GCA and SCA significance for all traits revealed the importance of both additive and nonadditive genetic components. Several genes determine quantitative traits, with each gene having very little impacts and being easily influenced by environmental factors. Pusa Basmati-1 and Govindobhog were the best combiners among the seven parents. In terms of per se performance, heterosis, and SCA effects on seed yield per plant and important yield qualities, the crosses BM-24 Deharadun Pahari, Baskota × Tulaipanji, and Pusa Basmati-1 × Tulaipanji may be of interest. Because of its interconnected processing properties, ANN can play a critical role in this experiment. As a result, the current study was carried out to collect data and validate it using an artificial neural network (ANN) on the combining ability, gene action, and heterosis involved in the expression of diverse fragrant rice features. Using ANN, the validation of the result was done and it was found that the overall efficiency was approximately 99%.