TY - JOUR
T1 - Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Genotypes Respond Differently to Long-Term Dry and Humid Heat Stress
AU - Ayenan, Mathieu Anatole Tele
AU - Danquah, Agyemang
AU - Hanson, Peter
AU - Asante, Isaac Kwadwo
AU - Danquah, Eric Yirenkyi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/2
Y1 - 2022/2
N2 - Tomato production in coastal areas in West Africa is constrained by heat stress. There is currently limited empirical evidence on the extent of the effect of heat stress on tomato yield in the sub-region. In this study, we assessed the effects of heat stress on yield and yield components among 16 tomato genotypes with varying heat tolerance status and explored the potential of stress tolerance indices to identify heat tolerant genotypes. The experiments were conducted under three temperature and humidity regimes, namely optimal season (28.37/23.71 °C and 71.0/90.4% day/night), long-term mild and humid (greenhouse, 30.0/26.2 °C and 77.6/97.2%), and long-term mild and dry (open field, 31.50/28.88 °C and 66.72/77.82%) heat stress (HS). All genotypes exhibited significantly higher fruit set percentage, fruit number per plant, fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant in the optimal season compared to both heat stress conditions. In general, the genotypes demonstrated higher performance under dry HS (i.e., HS in open field HSO) than humid HS (i.e., HS in greenhouse HSG). Fruit set decreased by 71.5% and 68.3% under HSG and HSO, respectively, while a reduction of 75.1% and 50.5% occurred in fruit weight per plant under HSG and HSO, respectively. The average sum of ranks values from nine stress tolerance indices and fruit weight per plant (used as proxy trait of yield) identified CLN2498D, CLN3212C, CLN1621L, and BJ01 as heat tolerant under HSG and BJ01, BJ02, Fla.7171, and P005 as heat tolerant under HSO. Fruit weight per plant under long-term heat stress (Ys) and optimal growing conditions (Yp) were suitable to select high performing genotypes under HSO, HSG, and optimal conditions while relative stress index, yield stability index, yield index, stress susceptibility index, and harmonic mean were suitable to select heat tolerant genotypes under either HSG or HSO. Our findings shed light on the extent of the effect of HS on tomato production in the off-season in coastal areas in West Africa and provide new insight concerning the heat tolerance status of the evaluated tomato genotypes.
AB - Tomato production in coastal areas in West Africa is constrained by heat stress. There is currently limited empirical evidence on the extent of the effect of heat stress on tomato yield in the sub-region. In this study, we assessed the effects of heat stress on yield and yield components among 16 tomato genotypes with varying heat tolerance status and explored the potential of stress tolerance indices to identify heat tolerant genotypes. The experiments were conducted under three temperature and humidity regimes, namely optimal season (28.37/23.71 °C and 71.0/90.4% day/night), long-term mild and humid (greenhouse, 30.0/26.2 °C and 77.6/97.2%), and long-term mild and dry (open field, 31.50/28.88 °C and 66.72/77.82%) heat stress (HS). All genotypes exhibited significantly higher fruit set percentage, fruit number per plant, fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant in the optimal season compared to both heat stress conditions. In general, the genotypes demonstrated higher performance under dry HS (i.e., HS in open field HSO) than humid HS (i.e., HS in greenhouse HSG). Fruit set decreased by 71.5% and 68.3% under HSG and HSO, respectively, while a reduction of 75.1% and 50.5% occurred in fruit weight per plant under HSG and HSO, respectively. The average sum of ranks values from nine stress tolerance indices and fruit weight per plant (used as proxy trait of yield) identified CLN2498D, CLN3212C, CLN1621L, and BJ01 as heat tolerant under HSG and BJ01, BJ02, Fla.7171, and P005 as heat tolerant under HSO. Fruit weight per plant under long-term heat stress (Ys) and optimal growing conditions (Yp) were suitable to select high performing genotypes under HSO, HSG, and optimal conditions while relative stress index, yield stability index, yield index, stress susceptibility index, and harmonic mean were suitable to select heat tolerant genotypes under either HSG or HSO. Our findings shed light on the extent of the effect of HS on tomato production in the off-season in coastal areas in West Africa and provide new insight concerning the heat tolerance status of the evaluated tomato genotypes.
KW - Fruit set
KW - Heat tolerance
KW - High temperatures
KW - Off-season tomato
KW - Stress indices
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124464763&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/horticulturae8020118
DO - 10.3390/horticulturae8020118
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85124464763
SN - 2311-7524
VL - 8
JO - Horticulturae
JF - Horticulturae
IS - 2
M1 - 118
ER -