Replicative co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2 as well as hepatitis B and C virus in Ghanaian individuals

Lynn Glyschewski, Andreas Hahn, Holger Rohde, Marc Lütgehetmann, Torsten Feldt, Fred Stephen Sarfo, Richard Odame Phillips, Albert Dompreh, Shadrack Osei Asibey, Richard Boateng, Felix Weinreich, Hagen Frickmann, Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: The study assessed replicative human immunodeficiency virus-(HIV-) infection and replicative co-infections as well as molecular determinants of reduced susceptibility towards anti-retroviral therapy in a Ghanaian population of known HIV patients and a control group. Methods: Real-time PCRs for HIV-1, HIV-2, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were run with serum samples from known Ghanaian HIV-patients (n = 975) and control individuals (n = 105). For 108 individuals, HIV-sequence analysis was performed. Results: Prevalence of replicative HIV-1 infection was 59.8% (583/975) in the known HIV-positive population and 2.9% (3/105) in the controls. Prevalences of replicative HBV-infection were comparable with 3.4% (33/975) in the HIV-positive individuals and 3.8% (4/105) in the controls. HIV-2 and HCV sequences were not recorded. Almost perfect concordance between two compared HIV-1-PCR assays was indicated by Fleiss’ Kappa >0.8. Sanger sequencing indicated CRF_02AG, G and A3 as the quantitatively dominating HIV-1 subtypes, a minority of 3.4% CXCR4 tropism and high detection rates of mutations mediating reduced susceptibility towards nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (71.9%, 64/89), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (95.5%, 85/89), protease inhibitors (95.9%, 93/97) and integrase inhibitors (22.4%, 22/98). Conclusions: The assessment did not suggest HIV-triggered increased replication of HBV and HCV in the investigated Ghanaian population.

Original languageEnglish
JournalEuropean Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
DOIs
Publication statusAccepted/In press - 2024
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • chronic infection
  • co-infection
  • epidemiology
  • genotypes
  • Ghana
  • hepatitis B virus
  • hepatitis C virus
  • human immunodeficiency virus
  • resistance
  • sequencing

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