Prostate cancer: Biomarker landscape

Prostate cancer (PCa), a widespread kind of cancer that affects men globally, requires sophisticated methods for diagnosing, assessing risk, and determining treatment decisions. PCa biomarkers have seen significant changes in recent years, with the introduction of many tests designed for specific clinical situations. These biomarkers, which can be found in serum, urine, and tissue, provide vital information about the severity of a disease, the evaluation of risk, and the prediction of prognosis. As a result, they are transforming personalized management approaches. Together, these biomarkers highlight the fundamental change toward precision medicine in the treatment of PCa. Integrating them into clinical practice allows for personalized risk evaluation, treatment selection, and monitoring, ultimately improving patient outcomes and transforming the approach to managing PCa. This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of the existing state of PCa biomarkers, emphasizing their significance in diagnosis, risk evaluation, and treatment selection.