TY - JOUR
T1 - Mosquito-borne viral pathogens detected in zambia
T2 - A systematic review
AU - Velu, Rachel Milomba
AU - Kwenda, Geoffrey
AU - Libonda, Liyali
AU - Chisenga, Caroline Cleopatra
AU - Flavien, Bumbangi Nsoni
AU - Chilyabanyama, Obvious Nchimunya
AU - Simunyandi, Michelo
AU - Bosomprah, Samuel
AU - Sande, Nicholus Chintu
AU - Changula, Katendi
AU - Muleya, Walter
AU - Mburu, Monicah Mirai
AU - Mubemba, Benjamin
AU - Chitanga, Simbarashe
AU - Tembo, John
AU - Bates, Matthew
AU - Kapata, Nathan
AU - Orba, Yasuko
AU - Kajihara, Masahiro
AU - Takada, Ayato
AU - Sawa, Hirofumi
AU - Chilengi, Roma
AU - Simulundu, Edgar
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases are a threat to global health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence of mosquito-borne viral pathogens reported in Zambia. A search of literature was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 1 January 1930 to 30 June 2020 using a combination of keywords. Eight mosquito-borne viruses belonging to three families, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae and Phenuiviridae were reported. Three viruses (Chikungunya virus, Mayaro virus, Mwinilunga virus) were reported among the togaviruses whilst four (dengue virus, West Nile virus, yellow fever virus, Zika virus) were among the flavivirus and only one virus, Rift Valley fever virus, was reported in the Phenuiviridae family. The majority of these mosquito-borne viruses were reported in Western and North-Western provinces. Aedes and Culex species were the main mosquito-borne viral vectors reported. Farming, fishing, movement of people and rain patterns were among factors associated with mosquito-borne viral infection in Zambia. Better diagnostic methods, such as the use of molecular tools, to detect the viruses in potential vectors, humans, and animals, including the recognition of arboviral risk zones and how the viruses circulate, are important for improved surveillance and design of effective prevention and control measures.
AB - Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viral diseases are a threat to global health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the available evidence of mosquito-borne viral pathogens reported in Zambia. A search of literature was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 1 January 1930 to 30 June 2020 using a combination of keywords. Eight mosquito-borne viruses belonging to three families, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae and Phenuiviridae were reported. Three viruses (Chikungunya virus, Mayaro virus, Mwinilunga virus) were reported among the togaviruses whilst four (dengue virus, West Nile virus, yellow fever virus, Zika virus) were among the flavivirus and only one virus, Rift Valley fever virus, was reported in the Phenuiviridae family. The majority of these mosquito-borne viruses were reported in Western and North-Western provinces. Aedes and Culex species were the main mosquito-borne viral vectors reported. Farming, fishing, movement of people and rain patterns were among factors associated with mosquito-borne viral infection in Zambia. Better diagnostic methods, such as the use of molecular tools, to detect the viruses in potential vectors, humans, and animals, including the recognition of arboviral risk zones and how the viruses circulate, are important for improved surveillance and design of effective prevention and control measures.
KW - Arboviruses
KW - Flaviviridae
KW - Mosquito-borne
KW - Phenuiviridae
KW - Togaviridae
KW - Zambia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85113353031&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/pathogens10081007
DO - 10.3390/pathogens10081007
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85113353031
SN - 2076-0817
VL - 10
JO - Pathogens
JF - Pathogens
IS - 8
M1 - 1007
ER -
