TY - JOUR
T1 - Interruption of poliovirus transmission in ghana
T2 - Molecular epidemiology of wild-type 1 poliovirus isolated from 1995 to 2008
AU - Odoom, John Kofi
AU - Forrest, Lindsay
AU - Dunn, Glynis
AU - Osei-Kwasi, Mubarak
AU - Obodai, Evangeline
AU - Arthur-Quarm, Jacob
AU - Barnor, Jacob
AU - Minor, Philip D.
AU - Martin, Javier
PY - 2012/10/1
Y1 - 2012/10/1
N2 - Described in detail is the molecular epidemiology of wild-type 1 poliovirus circulation in Ghana between 1995-2008, following the implementation of a surveillance system for cases of acute flaccid paralysis and poliovirus infection. Molecular phylogenetic analysis combined with a detailed evaluation of epidemiological indicators revealed that the geographical and temporal circulation of wild-type poliovirus in Ghana was determined by the quality of the implementation of global eradication strategies. The transmission of "indigenous" wild-type 1 poliovirus was eliminated in 1999. However, a drastic reduction in national immunization campaigns resulted in the importation in 2003 and 2008 of wild-type 1 poliovirus from neighboring countries. Both outbreaks were promptly interrupted following resumption of immunization activities. The results detailed here provide scientific evidence that supports the feasibility of polio eradication in Central West Africa, one of the remaining endemic areas for the disease, provided that comprehensive immunization campaigns and sensitive surveillance systems are in place.
AB - Described in detail is the molecular epidemiology of wild-type 1 poliovirus circulation in Ghana between 1995-2008, following the implementation of a surveillance system for cases of acute flaccid paralysis and poliovirus infection. Molecular phylogenetic analysis combined with a detailed evaluation of epidemiological indicators revealed that the geographical and temporal circulation of wild-type poliovirus in Ghana was determined by the quality of the implementation of global eradication strategies. The transmission of "indigenous" wild-type 1 poliovirus was eliminated in 1999. However, a drastic reduction in national immunization campaigns resulted in the importation in 2003 and 2008 of wild-type 1 poliovirus from neighboring countries. Both outbreaks were promptly interrupted following resumption of immunization activities. The results detailed here provide scientific evidence that supports the feasibility of polio eradication in Central West Africa, one of the remaining endemic areas for the disease, provided that comprehensive immunization campaigns and sensitive surveillance systems are in place.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84866073377&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jis474
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jis474
M3 - Review article
C2 - 22829642
AN - SCOPUS:84866073377
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 206
SP - 1111
EP - 1120
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 7
ER -