Integrative review on the use of sensory evaluation methods in consumer-led product development for indigenous fruits and vegetables

Indigenous Fruits and Vegetables (IFVs) are gaining renewed interest due to their nutritional richness, ecological resilience, and deep cultural value. Yet, they remain underutilized in formal food systems and product development. This integrative review synthesizes current literature and practical case studies to explore how consumer-led product development (CLPD) and sensory science tools can revitalize IFVs for modern markets. It presents an array of empirical approaches, including descriptive profiling, sensory lexicon development, consumer surveys, focus group discussions, conjoint analysis, and acceptance testing, demonstrating their application through selected case studies of Chrysophyllum albidum (commonly known as African star apple and locally referred to as Alasa), Xanthosoma sagittifolium (kontomire), Averrhoa carambola (star fruit) and mushrooms. The selected examples show how active consumer input enhances scientific rigor and ensures that the resulting food innovations are both nutritionally beneficial and culturally sensitive. The review discusses advantages, challenges, and key factors for successful CLPD implementation, such as management buy-in, robust methodologies, iterative development, and clear project objectives. By aligning product innovation with consumer preferences and engaging stakeholders throughout development, CLPD emerges as a powerful, evidence-based strategy to place IFVs within modern food systems. The paper concludes with recommendations on expanding CLPD for IFV-based food innovation, emphasizing participatory approaches to reflect the heritage and evolving needs of today’s global consumer.