TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of Ancestral and Geographic Factors on Intracerebral Hemorrhage Risks Among Africans and Americans
AU - Olowoyo, Paul
AU - Asowata, Osahon J.
AU - Akpa, Onoja
AU - Comeau, Mary E.
AU - Anderson, Christopher D.
AU - McCauley, Jacob L.
AU - Akinyemi, Joshua
AU - Komolafe, Morenikeji
AU - Akpalu, Albert
AU - Arulogun, Oyedunni
AU - Sarfo, Fred
AU - Obiako, Reginald
AU - Osaigbovo, Godwin
AU - Fakunle, Adekunle
AU - Macaulay, Olufunmilola
AU - Adebajo, Olayinka
AU - Ogbole, Godwin
AU - Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul
AU - Singh, Arti
AU - Chukwuonye, Innocent
AU - Olalusi, Oladotun
AU - Owolabi, Ayomide
AU - Agunloye, Atinuke
AU - Mensah, Yaw
AU - Jenkins, Carolyn
AU - Ogunronbi, Mayowa
AU - Adeleye, Osimhiarherhuo
AU - Uvere, Ezinne
AU - Wahab, Kolawole
AU - Ibinaiye, Philip
AU - Ogah, Okechukwu
AU - Appiah, Lambert
AU - Fawale, Michael B.
AU - Diala, Samuel
AU - Tiwari, Hemant
AU - Akinyemi, Rufus
AU - Arnett, Donna K.
AU - Langefeld, Carl D.
AU - Ovbiagele, Bruce
AU - Woo, Daniel
AU - Owolabi, Mayowa
PY - 2025/12/1
Y1 - 2025/12/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: We investigated whether risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) among indigenous Africans (IA) would vary in prevalence and effect compared with self-reported African, Hispanic, and White Americans by comparing data from 2 independent population-based case-control studies conducted in West Africa and the United States. METHODS: We compared ICH risk factors common to the SIREN (Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network: 1100 case-control pairs) and the ERICH (Ethnic/Racial Variation of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: 999 case-control pairs African American participants, 998 case-control pairs, Hispanic Americans, 1000 case-control pairs, White Americans) studies. Ethnicity/Race was self-reported. The effect measure of interest is the odds ratio (OR). To test for differences in the effects of the risk factors between the SIREN IA study population and each of the ERICH study populations, a test for heterogeneity was computed using the R program, metagen (version 4.9-6). RESULTS: ICH occurred at a younger age among IA (54.3±13.4 years), African Americans (58.0±12.7), and Hispanic Americans (58.9±14.3), compared with White Americans (69.1±13.9). The largest distinction was for hypertension, where IA exhibited a much larger risk of ICH than the American study population (OR, 67.02 [95% CI, 33.30-134.85]), African American (OR, 3.71 [95% CI, 2.53-5.44]); Hispanic (OR, 3.55 [95% CI, 2.54-4.92]), and White population (OR, 2.69 [95% CI, 1.95-3.69]). Current alcohol use exhibited increased risk in IA (OR, 2.24 [95% CI, 1.36-3.67]), but not in African Americans (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.46-0.86]), Hispanic (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.65-1.17]), and White Americans (OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.38-0.69]). CONCLUSIONS: Identical or comparable risk factors do not consistently result in the same disease risk across different cultures and regions. Therefore, to improve our understanding of the genetic determinants and biological pathways driving ICH risk, it is crucial to study multiple populations, including IA, while accounting for the influence of environmental and social factors.
AB - BACKGROUND: We investigated whether risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) among indigenous Africans (IA) would vary in prevalence and effect compared with self-reported African, Hispanic, and White Americans by comparing data from 2 independent population-based case-control studies conducted in West Africa and the United States. METHODS: We compared ICH risk factors common to the SIREN (Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network: 1100 case-control pairs) and the ERICH (Ethnic/Racial Variation of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: 999 case-control pairs African American participants, 998 case-control pairs, Hispanic Americans, 1000 case-control pairs, White Americans) studies. Ethnicity/Race was self-reported. The effect measure of interest is the odds ratio (OR). To test for differences in the effects of the risk factors between the SIREN IA study population and each of the ERICH study populations, a test for heterogeneity was computed using the R program, metagen (version 4.9-6). RESULTS: ICH occurred at a younger age among IA (54.3±13.4 years), African Americans (58.0±12.7), and Hispanic Americans (58.9±14.3), compared with White Americans (69.1±13.9). The largest distinction was for hypertension, where IA exhibited a much larger risk of ICH than the American study population (OR, 67.02 [95% CI, 33.30-134.85]), African American (OR, 3.71 [95% CI, 2.53-5.44]); Hispanic (OR, 3.55 [95% CI, 2.54-4.92]), and White population (OR, 2.69 [95% CI, 1.95-3.69]). Current alcohol use exhibited increased risk in IA (OR, 2.24 [95% CI, 1.36-3.67]), but not in African Americans (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.46-0.86]), Hispanic (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.65-1.17]), and White Americans (OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.38-0.69]). CONCLUSIONS: Identical or comparable risk factors do not consistently result in the same disease risk across different cultures and regions. Therefore, to improve our understanding of the genetic determinants and biological pathways driving ICH risk, it is crucial to study multiple populations, including IA, while accounting for the influence of environmental and social factors.
KW - body mass index
KW - cerebral hemorrhage
KW - hypertension
KW - odds ratio
KW - prevalence
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105022788860
U2 - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.125.051911
DO - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.125.051911
M3 - Article
C2 - 40988609
AN - SCOPUS:105022788860
SN - 0039-2499
VL - 56
SP - 3404
EP - 3413
JO - Stroke
JF - Stroke
IS - 12
ER -
