"Infertility is mostly for women": University students' knowledge and perceptions of risk factors associated with infertility in Ghana

Understanding knowledge and perceptions of infertility risk factors is crucial for promoting fertility preservation. While prior studies have explored infertility awareness among university students based on gender, limited research examines both genders within a single study. This study investigates university-aged males' and females' knowledge and perceptions of infertility risk factors, identifying gender-specific risks. Conducted at the University of Ghana, the study employed a descriptive cross-sectional qualitative design, involving semi-structured interviews with 21 male and 18 female students. Qualitative data analysis indicates that participants were aware of infertility and could identify gender-specific risk factors. However, many perceived infertility as a condition affecting only women. The findings highlight that excessive contraceptive use and abortion were identified as female infertility risk factors, while substance abuse and multiple sexual partnerships were linked to male infertility. This study suggests that there must be comprehensive education to address misconceptions and promote awareness of infertility risk factors across genders.