TY - JOUR
T1 - Immune activation and arterial stiffness in lean adults with HIV on antiretroviral therapy
AU - Kaluba, Longa
AU - Goma, Fastone
AU - Guure, Chris
AU - Munsaka, Sody
AU - Mutale, Wilbroad
AU - Heimburger, Douglas C.
AU - Chikopela, Theresa
AU - Koethe, John R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. The Authors.
PY - 2021/3/19
Y1 - 2021/3/19
N2 - Background: Greater T-cell activation was associated with reduced vascular compliance amongst persons living with HIV (PLWH) especially among overweight and obese individuals. There is a paucity of data regarding immune activation and arterial stiffness amongst PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Objective: To determine the association between immune activation and arterial stiffness in lean PLWH in SSA. Method: Forty-eight human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) >5 years and 26 HIV-negative adults, all with BMI < 25 kg/m2 and no history of CVD, were enrolled. The relationship of vascular compliance with circulating CD4+ and CD8+ naïve, memory, activated and senescent T cells, and serum 8-isoprostane was assessed by HIV status. Results: Increased immune activation was observed in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of PLWH, 16.7% vs. 8.9% and 22.0% vs. 12.4% respectively; p < 0.001 (both). Furthermore, a higher proportion of senescent CD4+ T cells were associated with a lower carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV; p = 0.01), whilst a higher proportion of activated CD8+ T cells were associated with a lower carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV; p = 0.04), after adjustment for BMI and age. However, PLWH also had a higher median carotid-femoral augmentation index (cfAiX) (21.1% vs. 6.0%; p < 0.05) in comparison to their HIV controls. Conclusion: Our population of lean PLWH had increased immune activation and higher cfAiX, a marker of arterial stiffness, compared to HIV-negative persons. The negative association between immune activation and arterial stiffness as measured by crPWV in PLHW on long-term treatment needs further elucidation.
AB - Background: Greater T-cell activation was associated with reduced vascular compliance amongst persons living with HIV (PLWH) especially among overweight and obese individuals. There is a paucity of data regarding immune activation and arterial stiffness amongst PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Objective: To determine the association between immune activation and arterial stiffness in lean PLWH in SSA. Method: Forty-eight human immunodeficiency virus positive (HIV+) adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) >5 years and 26 HIV-negative adults, all with BMI < 25 kg/m2 and no history of CVD, were enrolled. The relationship of vascular compliance with circulating CD4+ and CD8+ naïve, memory, activated and senescent T cells, and serum 8-isoprostane was assessed by HIV status. Results: Increased immune activation was observed in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of PLWH, 16.7% vs. 8.9% and 22.0% vs. 12.4% respectively; p < 0.001 (both). Furthermore, a higher proportion of senescent CD4+ T cells were associated with a lower carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV; p = 0.01), whilst a higher proportion of activated CD8+ T cells were associated with a lower carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV; p = 0.04), after adjustment for BMI and age. However, PLWH also had a higher median carotid-femoral augmentation index (cfAiX) (21.1% vs. 6.0%; p < 0.05) in comparison to their HIV controls. Conclusion: Our population of lean PLWH had increased immune activation and higher cfAiX, a marker of arterial stiffness, compared to HIV-negative persons. The negative association between immune activation and arterial stiffness as measured by crPWV in PLHW on long-term treatment needs further elucidation.
KW - Antiretroviral therapy
KW - Arterial stiffness
KW - Endothelial dysfunction
KW - Immune activation
KW - Lean adults
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104281810&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.4102/SAJHIVMED.V22I1.1190
DO - 10.4102/SAJHIVMED.V22I1.1190
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85104281810
SN - 1608-9693
VL - 22
JO - Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
JF - Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
IS - 1
M1 - a1190
ER -