Genetic polymorphisms of patients on stable warfarin maintenance therapy in a Ghanaian population

William Kudzi, Samuel Yao Ahorhorlu, Bartholomew Dzudzor, Edeghonghon Olayemi, Edmund Tetteh Nartey, Richard Harry Asmah

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Warfarin is a widely prescribed anticoagulant with narrow therapeutic window for thromboembolic events. Warfarin displays large individual variability in dose requirements. The purpose of this study is to assess the contribution of patient-specific and genetic risk factors to dose requirements of patients on either high or low warfarin maintenance dose in Ghana. Blood samples were collected from 141 (62 males, 79 females) Ghanaian patients on stable warfarin dose to determine their INR. Influence of patient specific factors and gene variations within VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 were determined in patients on either high or low warfarin maintenance dose. Results: One hundred and forty-one patients took part in the study with 79 (56%) participants being Female. The median age of the study participants was 48 years [IQR: 34-58]. The median duration for patients to be on warfarin therapy was 24 months [IQR: 10-72]. Majority of the study participants (80.9%, n = 114) did not have any side effects to warfarin. CYP2C9∗2 and CYP2C9∗3 variant alleles were not detected. VKORC1 variant allele was observed at 6% and CYP4F2 variant allele was observed at 41%. Duration of patients on warfarin therapy was marginally associated with high warfarin dose (adjusted OR = 1.01 [95% CI 1.00-1.02], p = 0.033) while the odds of heterozygous individuals (G/A) for VKORC1 gene to have high warfarin dose compared to persons with homozygous (G/G) (adjusted OR = 0.06 [95% CI 0.01-0.63], p = 0.019). Age, gender, diagnosis, presence of side effects and other medications were not associated with warfarin dose (p = 0.05). Conclusion: This study provides data on VKORC1 and CYP4F2 variants among an indigenous African population. Duration of patients on warfarin therapy was marginally associated with high warfarin dose. CYP2C9∗2 and∗3 variants were not detected and may not be the most important genetic factor for warfarin maintenance dose among Ghanaians.

Original languageEnglish
Article number507
JournalBMC Research Notes
Volume9
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 9 Dec 2016

Keywords

  • Allele frequencies
  • CYP2C9
  • CYP4F2
  • Pharmacogenetics
  • VKORC1
  • Warfarin

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Genetic polymorphisms of patients on stable warfarin maintenance therapy in a Ghanaian population'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this