Genetic diversity and drug resistance profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Ghana and their associated host immune responses

Samuel Ofori Addo, Gloria Ivy Mensah, Lydia Mosi, Afua Owusua Darkwah Abrahams, Kennedy Kwasi Addo

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to determine the genetic diversity and drug resistance profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates from extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients in Ghana, and their associated immune responses. Methods: Spoligotyping was performed on 102 MTBC isolates from EPTB patients. Lineages/sub-lineages were assigned by comparing spoligotyping patterns primarily with the SITVIT2 database and subsequently with the TB-Lineage online tool for unknown isolates in SITVIT2. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using MGIT (BD BACTEC 960), Lowenstein-Jensen media (indirect proportion method), and GenoType MTBDRplus/MTBDRsl assays. Differential cytokine levels in the serum of 20 EPTB patients infected with MTBC lineage 4 were determined using the Luminex multiplex immunoassay. Results: Around 95% (97/102) of isolates were Mycobacterium tuberculosis, predominantly lineage 4 (95%; 92/97). Of the lineage 4 isolates, the majority were sub-lineage Cameroon (37%, 34/92). Prevalence was significantly higher in the 15–34 years age group among EPTB patients infected with lineage 4 strains (p = 0.024). Fifteen isolates were resistant to at least one anti-TB drug tested. Decreased levels of IL-1β, IL-17A, and IFN-α were observed in individuals infected with Cameroon sub-lineages compared with other lineage 4 sub-lineages. Conclusions: Our study confirms Cameroon (SIT61) as the most common spoligotype causing human EPTB in Ghana, and that it is associated with decreased serum IL-1β, IL-17A, and IFN-α.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)75-84
Number of pages10
JournalIJID Regions
Volume4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sep 2022

Keywords

  • Extrapulmonary TB
  • Ghana
  • Luminex immunoassay
  • Multidrug resistance
  • Spoligotyping

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