TY - JOUR
T1 - Failure of Stretchable Organic Solar Cells under Monotonic and Cyclic Loading
AU - Oyewole, Oluwaseun
AU - Oyewole, Deborah
AU - Oyelade, Omolara
AU - Adeniji, Sharafadeen
AU - Koech, Richard
AU - Asare, Joseph
AU - Agyei-Tuffour, Benjamin
AU - Soboyejo, Winston
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH
PY - 2020/11
Y1 - 2020/11
N2 - Results of experimental and computational studies of failure of stretchable organic solar cells (SOSCs) are presented here. The SOSCs are produced by the deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) anodic layers on prestretched poly(dimethyl-siloxane) (PDMS) substrates. This is followed by the deposition of active organic bulk heterojunction layers and cathodic eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn). Wrinkled structures are then formed by releasing the prestretched PDMS. The underlying failure associated with the formation of the wrinkled films is discussed, along with the subsequent mechanisms of deformation and cracking under monotonic and cyclic loading. Effects of monotonic and cyclic loading on the optical transmittance of the PEDOT:PSS layer and photoconversion efficiencies of the multilayered SOSC structures are also examined. An increase in the transmittance is observed as strain is applied to flatten the wrinkled structures. This enhances the power conversion efficiencies of the SOSCs as the strains increase from 0% to 32%. However, beyond this initial strain regime, the onset of overstretching decreases the optical transmittance and photoconversion efficiencies. The fatigue lifetimes of the layered SOSCs also decrease with increasing fatigue strain ranges between 10% and 25%. The decrease in the fatigue lifetimes is associated with a higher incidence of cracking and delamination.
AB - Results of experimental and computational studies of failure of stretchable organic solar cells (SOSCs) are presented here. The SOSCs are produced by the deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) anodic layers on prestretched poly(dimethyl-siloxane) (PDMS) substrates. This is followed by the deposition of active organic bulk heterojunction layers and cathodic eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn). Wrinkled structures are then formed by releasing the prestretched PDMS. The underlying failure associated with the formation of the wrinkled films is discussed, along with the subsequent mechanisms of deformation and cracking under monotonic and cyclic loading. Effects of monotonic and cyclic loading on the optical transmittance of the PEDOT:PSS layer and photoconversion efficiencies of the multilayered SOSC structures are also examined. An increase in the transmittance is observed as strain is applied to flatten the wrinkled structures. This enhances the power conversion efficiencies of the SOSCs as the strains increase from 0% to 32%. However, beyond this initial strain regime, the onset of overstretching decreases the optical transmittance and photoconversion efficiencies. The fatigue lifetimes of the layered SOSCs also decrease with increasing fatigue strain ranges between 10% and 25%. The decrease in the fatigue lifetimes is associated with a higher incidence of cracking and delamination.
KW - cyclic deformation
KW - failure mechanisms
KW - optical transmittance
KW - photoconversion efficiencies
KW - stretchable organic solar cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090932353&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/mame.202000369
DO - 10.1002/mame.202000369
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85090932353
SN - 1438-7492
VL - 305
JO - Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
JF - Macromolecular Materials and Engineering
IS - 11
M1 - 2000369
ER -