TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluation of the ultrasound findings of thyroid gland enlargement in Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana
T2 - A retrospective cross-sectional study
AU - Edzie, Emmanuel Kobina Mesi
AU - Dzefi-Tettey, Klenam
AU - Brakohiapa, Edmund Kwakye
AU - Nimo, Obed
AU - Appiah-Thompson, Peter
AU - Amedi, Michael Kofi
AU - Bockarie, Ansumana
AU - Quarshie, Frank
AU - Onimole, Emmanuel
AU - Akorli, Emmanuel
AU - Anthony, Richard
AU - Edzie, Richard Ato
AU - Amankwa, Nana Ama
AU - Amartey, Aaron
AU - Osei, Bernard
AU - Oppong, Bright
AU - Asemah, Abdul Raman
AU - Gorleku, Philip Narteh
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2024/5
Y1 - 2024/5
N2 - Background and Aim: Goiter is a major source of morbidity in the world, especially in the developing world, where dietary iodine deficiency, a known cause of this condition, is endemic. The diagnosis is mostly by ultrasonography (USG) scan, which can give anatomical, pathological, and functional information for the management of goiter. This study aimed to determine the commonest ultrasound findings of goiter in Ghana. Method: The records of all 213 patients with goiter diagnosed by USG scan over a 5-year period were retrieved. Data collected were sociodemographics, ultrasound features, thyroid nodules diameter, and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) scores, which were analyzed using GNU PSPP, version 1.2.0-3. χ2 and two-tailed independent samples t-test were also employed, with p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 213 patients with goiter diagnosed by USG scan were obtained over the study period. The mean age of the participants was 50.01 ± 17.27 years, with an age range of 16−92 years and females constituting the majority (82.16%). The commonest ultrasound features were well-defined solid nodules. The lesion sites for most patients were the whole thyroid (28.17%), both lobes (24.41%), and the right lobe (20.19%). The mean difference in sizes of cysts and solid nodules among genders was 0.26 (CI: −0.14 to 0.67, p = 0.20) and 0.12 (CI: −0.43 to 0.66, p = 0.67), respectively. The TI-RADS score featured TI-RADS 4 (36.62%), TI-RADS 1 (28.17%), TI-RADS 3 (25.82%), TI-RADS 5 (5.16%), and TI-RADS 2 (4.23%). Solid nodules (49.32%, p = 0.001) and cysts (35.71%, p = 0.003) were more common within 41−60 years and less frequent in those <21 years. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant in this study. Conclusion: The predominant ultrasound features were well-defined solid nodules, simple cysts, and solid nodules with cystic changes, mostly located in the entire thyroid gland and least located in the isthmus only. Cysts and solid nodules were mostly seen in the 41−60 years age group.
AB - Background and Aim: Goiter is a major source of morbidity in the world, especially in the developing world, where dietary iodine deficiency, a known cause of this condition, is endemic. The diagnosis is mostly by ultrasonography (USG) scan, which can give anatomical, pathological, and functional information for the management of goiter. This study aimed to determine the commonest ultrasound findings of goiter in Ghana. Method: The records of all 213 patients with goiter diagnosed by USG scan over a 5-year period were retrieved. Data collected were sociodemographics, ultrasound features, thyroid nodules diameter, and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) scores, which were analyzed using GNU PSPP, version 1.2.0-3. χ2 and two-tailed independent samples t-test were also employed, with p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 213 patients with goiter diagnosed by USG scan were obtained over the study period. The mean age of the participants was 50.01 ± 17.27 years, with an age range of 16−92 years and females constituting the majority (82.16%). The commonest ultrasound features were well-defined solid nodules. The lesion sites for most patients were the whole thyroid (28.17%), both lobes (24.41%), and the right lobe (20.19%). The mean difference in sizes of cysts and solid nodules among genders was 0.26 (CI: −0.14 to 0.67, p = 0.20) and 0.12 (CI: −0.43 to 0.66, p = 0.67), respectively. The TI-RADS score featured TI-RADS 4 (36.62%), TI-RADS 1 (28.17%), TI-RADS 3 (25.82%), TI-RADS 5 (5.16%), and TI-RADS 2 (4.23%). Solid nodules (49.32%, p = 0.001) and cysts (35.71%, p = 0.003) were more common within 41−60 years and less frequent in those <21 years. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant in this study. Conclusion: The predominant ultrasound features were well-defined solid nodules, simple cysts, and solid nodules with cystic changes, mostly located in the entire thyroid gland and least located in the isthmus only. Cysts and solid nodules were mostly seen in the 41−60 years age group.
KW - Ghana
KW - cyst
KW - findings
KW - goiter
KW - thyroid nodule
KW - ultrasound imaging
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85192827042&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/hsr2.2090
DO - 10.1002/hsr2.2090
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85192827042
SN - 2398-8835
VL - 7
JO - Health Science Reports
JF - Health Science Reports
IS - 5
M1 - e2090
ER -