Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with self-reported quality of sleep in type 2 diabetes patients in Ghana

Jennifer Adjepong Agyekum, Kwame Yeboah

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Objective: Sleep disturbances are common in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients and this exacerbates the severity of disease and results in poor quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to mediate the association between T2DM and poor sleep health. We investigated the burden of self-reported poor sleep quality and duration in T2DM and their association with serum BDNF levels. Methods: In a case-control design, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Instrument (PSQI) was used to assess self-reported sleep quality and duration in 100 T2DM patients and 80 nondiabetic controls. Sociodemographic data and medical history were collected from case notes and/or using a structured questionnaire. 5 ml of fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipid profile and serum BDNF levels. Results: T2DM patients had low levels of BDNF, poor sleep quality (61.9% vs 27.5%, p<0.001), and shorter sleep duration (6.1±2.2 vs 6.9±1.1 hours, p=0.003). T2DM status was associated with doubling the odds of poor sleep quality [OR (95% CI) = 2.06 (1.07 - 6.43), p=0.039] and 1.6 times the odds of short sleep duration [1.63 (1.03 - 3.79), p=0.028]. There was no association between serum BDNF levels and sleep status in multivariable logistic regression analysis. However, there was a negative biological interaction between T2DM and BDNF levels on poor sleep quality, resulting in 0.28 relative excess risk due to the interaction and a 12% attributable proportion due to the interaction. Conclusion: T2DM patients in our study population had a high burden of self-reported poor quality of sleep and shorter sleep duration compared to the nondiabetic controls. T2DM interacts negatively with serum BDNF levels to affect sleep quality.

Original languageEnglish
JournalExperimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes
DOIs
Publication statusAccepted/In press - 2023

Keywords

  • Ghana
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • brain-derived neurotrophic factor
  • sleep duration
  • sleep quality

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