Asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in HIV patients in Ghana: A case-control study

Kwame Yeboah, Latif Musah, Samuel Essel, Jennifer Adjepong Agyekum, Kweku Bedu-Addo

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in HIV patients and can be diagnosed noninvasively using the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The burden of PAD has not been investigated in Ghanaian HIV patients. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors associated with PAD in HIV patients at a periurban hospital in Ghana. Methods: In a case-control design, ABI was measured in 158 cART-treated HIV patients, 150 cART-naïve HIV patients and 156 non-HIV controls with no clinical symptoms of CVDs. PAD was defined as ABI ≤ 0.9. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure plasma levels of glucose, lipid profile, and CD4+ lymphocytes. Results: The prevalence of PAD was 13.9% among cART-treated HIV patients, 21.3% among cART-naïve HIV patients, and 15.4% among non-HIV controls. Patients with PAD had increased odds of having low CD4+ cell counts [OR (95% CI) = 3.68 (1.41–12.85)]. In cART-treated HIV patients, those on TDF-based [5.76 (1.1–30.01), p = 0.038] and EFV-based [9.28 (1.51–57.12), p = 0.016] regimens had increased odds of having PAD. Conclusion: In our study population, there was no difference in the prevalence of PAD between cART-treated HIV patients compared to cART-naïve HIV patients or non-HIV controls. Having a low CD4 cell count and being on TDF- or EFV-based regimens were associated with an increased likelihood of having PAD.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)203-208
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Vascular Nursing
Volume41
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2023

Keywords

  • Ankle-brachial index
  • Cardiometabolic risk factors
  • HIV
  • Peripheral arterial disease
  • cART

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in HIV patients in Ghana: A case-control study'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this