Antimicrobial and in silico studies of the triterpenoids of Dichapetalum albidum

Here we report a new polyhydroxylated triterpene, 2β,6β,21α-trihydroxyfriedelan-3-one (4) isolated from the root and stem bark of Dichapetalum albidum A. Chev (Dichapetalaceae), along with six known triterpenoids (1–3, 5, 6, 8), sitosterol-3β-O-D-glucopyranoside (9), a dipeptide (7), and a tyramine derivative of coumaric acid (10). Friedelan-3-one (2) showed an antimicrobial activity (IC₅₀) of 11.40 μg/mL against Bacillus cereus, while friedelan-3α-ol (1) gave an IC₅₀ of 13.07 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus with ampicillin reference standard of 19.52 μg/mL and 0.30 μg/mL respectively. 3β-Acetyl tormentic acid (5) showed an IC₅₀ of 12.50 μg/mL against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and sitosterol-3β-O-D-glucopyranoside (9) showed an IC₅₀ of 5.06 μg/mL against Leishmania donovani with respective reference standards of IC₅₀ 5.02 μg/mL for suramin and IC₅₀ 0.27 μg/mL for amphotericin B. Molecular docking of the isolated compounds on the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) suggested 3β-acetyl tormentic acid (5) and sitosterol-3β-O-D-glucopyranoside (9) as plausible inhibitors of the enzyme in accordance with the experimental biological results observed.