TY - JOUR
T1 - Annual population dynamics of mango fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in West Africa
T2 - Socio-economic aspects, host phenology and implications for management
AU - Vayssières, Jean François
AU - Sinzogan, Antonio
AU - Adandonon, Appolinaire
AU - Rey, Jean Yves
AU - Dieng, Elhadj Oumar
AU - Camara, Koumandian
AU - Sangaré, Morodian
AU - Ouedraogo, Sylvain
AU - Hala, N'klo
AU - Sidibé, Adama
AU - Keita, Youssouf
AU - Gogovor, Guy
AU - Korie, Sam
AU - Coulibaly, Ousmane
AU - Kikissagbé, Cinthia
AU - Tossou, Alliance
AU - Billah, Max
AU - Biney, Koffi
AU - Nobime, Oswald
AU - Diatta, Paterne
AU - N'Dépo, Robert
AU - Noussourou, Moussa
AU - Traoré, Lanciné
AU - Saizonou, Symphorien
AU - Tamo, Manuele
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Cirad/EDP Sciences.
PY - 2014/5/1
Y1 - 2014/5/1
N2 - Introduction: Losses in West African commercial mango orchards due to fruit fly infestations have exceeded 50% by the middle of the crop season since 2005, resulting in considerable income loss for the growers. Materials and methods: In 2009, weekly monitoring of adult fruit fly species of economic significance was carried out in eight West African countries at 12 sites across five agro-ecological zones: (i) Humid Forest, (ii) Guinean savanna, (iii) Southern Sudan, (iv) Northern Sudan, and (v) Sahelian. Trapping was performed using methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate in 288 Tephri-traps, targeting Bactrocera invadens and Ceratitis cosyra. Results: The data showed that B. invadens was present throughout the year in the Forest zone, abundant for 7 months, with a peak in May at the end of the mango season, C. cosyra being totally absent. In the Guinean savanna zone, B. invadens was abundant for 6-7 months, with a peak at the beginning of June coinciding with the season, with a few C. cosyra. In the Southern Sudan zone, B. invadens was abundant for 6 months, with a peak in mid-June during the season, C. cosyra peaking in April. In the Northern Sudan zone, B. invadens was abundant for 5 months, with a peak at the end of June at the end of the season, C. cosyra peaking in May. In the Sahelian zone, B. invadens was abundant for 4 months, peaking in August during the season, C. cosyra peaking just before. These preliminary results showed that the exotic species, B. invadens, was present at high levels [mean peak of 378 flies per trap per day (FTD)] in all agro-ecological zones, while the native species, C. cosyra, preferred the drier zones of West Africa, with lower population levels (mean peak of 77 FTD). Conclusion: Detection trapping of male flies with parapheromones is a useful indicator of field population levels and could be used to deploy control measures (IPM package) in a timely manner when the Economic Injury Level is reached. Control strategies for these quarantine mango fruit fly species are discussed with respect to agro-ecological zones and the phenological stages of the mango tree.
AB - Introduction: Losses in West African commercial mango orchards due to fruit fly infestations have exceeded 50% by the middle of the crop season since 2005, resulting in considerable income loss for the growers. Materials and methods: In 2009, weekly monitoring of adult fruit fly species of economic significance was carried out in eight West African countries at 12 sites across five agro-ecological zones: (i) Humid Forest, (ii) Guinean savanna, (iii) Southern Sudan, (iv) Northern Sudan, and (v) Sahelian. Trapping was performed using methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate in 288 Tephri-traps, targeting Bactrocera invadens and Ceratitis cosyra. Results: The data showed that B. invadens was present throughout the year in the Forest zone, abundant for 7 months, with a peak in May at the end of the mango season, C. cosyra being totally absent. In the Guinean savanna zone, B. invadens was abundant for 6-7 months, with a peak at the beginning of June coinciding with the season, with a few C. cosyra. In the Southern Sudan zone, B. invadens was abundant for 6 months, with a peak in mid-June during the season, C. cosyra peaking in April. In the Northern Sudan zone, B. invadens was abundant for 5 months, with a peak at the end of June at the end of the season, C. cosyra peaking in May. In the Sahelian zone, B. invadens was abundant for 4 months, peaking in August during the season, C. cosyra peaking just before. These preliminary results showed that the exotic species, B. invadens, was present at high levels [mean peak of 378 flies per trap per day (FTD)] in all agro-ecological zones, while the native species, C. cosyra, preferred the drier zones of West Africa, with lower population levels (mean peak of 77 FTD). Conclusion: Detection trapping of male flies with parapheromones is a useful indicator of field population levels and could be used to deploy control measures (IPM package) in a timely manner when the Economic Injury Level is reached. Control strategies for these quarantine mango fruit fly species are discussed with respect to agro-ecological zones and the phenological stages of the mango tree.
KW - Bactrocera invadens
KW - Ceratitis cosyra
KW - Etapas de desarrollo de la planta
KW - Exportaciones
KW - Frutas
KW - Mangifera indica
KW - West Africa
KW - Zonas agroclimáticas
KW - África Occidental
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84930200028&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1051/fruits/2014011
DO - 10.1051/fruits/2014011
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84930200028
SN - 0248-1294
VL - 69
SP - 207
EP - 222
JO - Fruits
JF - Fruits
IS - 3
ER -