TY - JOUR
T1 - A conceptual framework of groundwater flow in some crystalline aquifers in Southeastern Ghana
AU - Yidana, Sandow Mark
AU - Ganyaglo, Samuel
AU - Banoeng-Yakubo, Bruce
AU - Akabzaa, Thomas
PY - 2011/2
Y1 - 2011/2
N2 - A conceptual groundwater flow model was developed for the crystalline aquifers in southeastern part of the Eastern region, Ghana. The objective was to determine approximate levels of groundwater recharge, estimate aquifer hydraulic parameters, and then test various scenarios of groundwater extraction under the current conditions of recharge. A steady state groundwater flow model has been calibrated against measured water levels of 19 wells in the area. The resulting recharge is estimated to range from 8.97×10-5m/d to 7.14×10-4m/d resulting in a basin wide average recharge of about 9.6% of total annual precipitation, which results in a basin wide quantitative recharge of about 2.4 millionm3/d in the area. This compares to recharge estimated from the chloride mass balance of 7.6% of precipitation determined in this study. The general groundwater flow in the area has also been determined to conform to the general northeast-southwest structural grain of the country. The implication is that the general hydrogeology is controlled by post genetic structural entities imposed on the rocks to create ingresses for sufficient groundwater storage and transport. Calibrated aquifer hydraulic conductivities range between 0.99m/d and over 19.4m/d. There is a significant contribution of groundwater discharge to stream flow in the study area. Increasing groundwater extraction will have an effect on stream flow. This study finds that the current groundwater extraction levels represent only 0.17% of the annual recharge from precipitation, and that groundwater can sustain future increased groundwater demands from population growth and industrialization.
AB - A conceptual groundwater flow model was developed for the crystalline aquifers in southeastern part of the Eastern region, Ghana. The objective was to determine approximate levels of groundwater recharge, estimate aquifer hydraulic parameters, and then test various scenarios of groundwater extraction under the current conditions of recharge. A steady state groundwater flow model has been calibrated against measured water levels of 19 wells in the area. The resulting recharge is estimated to range from 8.97×10-5m/d to 7.14×10-4m/d resulting in a basin wide average recharge of about 9.6% of total annual precipitation, which results in a basin wide quantitative recharge of about 2.4 millionm3/d in the area. This compares to recharge estimated from the chloride mass balance of 7.6% of precipitation determined in this study. The general groundwater flow in the area has also been determined to conform to the general northeast-southwest structural grain of the country. The implication is that the general hydrogeology is controlled by post genetic structural entities imposed on the rocks to create ingresses for sufficient groundwater storage and transport. Calibrated aquifer hydraulic conductivities range between 0.99m/d and over 19.4m/d. There is a significant contribution of groundwater discharge to stream flow in the study area. Increasing groundwater extraction will have an effect on stream flow. This study finds that the current groundwater extraction levels represent only 0.17% of the annual recharge from precipitation, and that groundwater can sustain future increased groundwater demands from population growth and industrialization.
KW - Hydraulic conductivity
KW - MODFLOW
KW - Recharge
KW - Steady state
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78951480068&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2010.10.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2010.10.005
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:78951480068
SN - 1464-343X
VL - 59
SP - 185
EP - 194
JO - Journal of African Earth Sciences
JF - Journal of African Earth Sciences
IS - 2-3
ER -